PDF Accessibility
Whenever possible, we recommend creating pages on your website for content. It's always better to create a new page for the PDF content rather than linking to a PDF. Edlio Pages have built-in code to make that content accessible.
Placing your content directly onto your webpage has multiple advantages:
- it makes the text searchable so people can find your information easier
- search engines can read the text, which helps with SEO
- content can be translated
- plus it's easier for you to update anytime, right in your Edlio CMS
PDFs on your website
Before uploading a pdf to your website make sure it has an appropriate file name.
Keep in mind that the accessibility of the PDF "depends on the accessibility of the original document." (Source: WebAIM)
The keys to accessible PDFs are similar to those for accessible webpages:
Structure
One of the most important principles to creating accessible PDFs is structuring the original document appropriately.
Headings
First, provide a clear and uniform heading structure. This helps screen readers navigate through the document, just like a sighted person skims for large, bold headings.
Be sure to format headings with the built-in styles for Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, etc. instead of just applying visual-only changes like bold or larger font sizes.
Keep headings in order. Skipping a level, jumping from Heading 1 to Heading 3 for example, confuses the document's hierarchy.
Lists and Columns
If the document has lists or columns, apply ordered and unordered list styles instead of relying on indents or other visual changes to imply the structure.
Table of Contents
If the document is long, include a table of contents at the beginning.
Data Tables
Column and row headers in data tables in documents should be identified & associated appropriately.
Non-text content
Alt text
Just like images on your website, non-text content such as pictures, illustrations and charts need alternative text. Include information about its content or function in the surrounding text.
Visual Elements
While you may be thinking of screen readers, accessibility also includes improvements for sighted individuals.
Links
- Use descriptive link text and underline links to help them stand out.
Readability
- Use simple language.
- Ensure the font size is large enough, at least 11 points.
- Choose a legible font family.
Color
- Choose text and background colors that highly contrast each other.
- Don't rely on color alone to convey content.
- Beware of watermarks; they may interfere with readability.
Read more about these principles on WebAIM: Create Accessible Documents with Microsoft Word
Validate and Fix PDF Accessibility
What if you have PDFs but no longer have the original file?
You might try using something like PAVE. Pave is a free online tool to validate and fix the accessibility of PDF files.